What is plantar fasciitis caused by?
Heel pain, also known as plantar fasciitis, can be a result of chronic inflammation of the fascia itself or of a bursa (small, fluid-filled sac) that may be present. In addition, as we age, the fat pad of the heel becomes thinner and degenerates, which can lead to inadequate padding on the heel and chronic pain in this area. Also, occasionally the small nerves that run along the plantar fascia on their way to the forefoot can become irritated and painful.
What does it look or feel like?
The symptoms of plantar fasciitis include pain in the center of the heel with weight bearing, usually most pronounced in
the morning when the foot is first placed on the floor. Pain is mostly described as sharp or aching and can also occur after periods of rest.
What can be done to treat plantar fasciitis?
Adjustments to shoewear or use of more flexible shoes to try and reduce symptoms. Supporting the arch with a well-fitted arch support or orthotics, may help reduce the pressure on the plantar fascia. Heel cups can reduce the pressure on the sore area and add padding to the heel. Anti-inflammatory medications, such as Ibuprofen and Naprosyn, are sometimes used to decrease the inflammation in the fascia and reduce pain. An injection of cortisone into the area of the fascia by your podiatrist is effective. Some patients may require more than one injection over a period of time.
Surgery is a last resort in the treatment of heel pain / plantar fasciitis and usually involves identifying the area where the plantar fascia attaches to the heel and releasing the fascia partially from the bone. Occasionally if a spur is present it is removed. The small nerves that travel under the plantar fascia are identified and released from anything that seems to be causing pressure on the nerves.
Credit: University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
